Ontogenetic change in the Conusradula, its form, distribution among the radula types, and significance in systematics and ecology. [18] According to Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, about 27 human deaths can be confidently attributed to cone snail envenomation, though the actual number is almost certainly much higher; some three dozen people are estimated to have died from geography cone envenomation alone. They feed at night by stunning and capturing several small fish that they store internally. the area in which the animal is naturally found, the region in which it is endemic. They are indigenous to the reefs of the Indo-Pacific region, except for Hawaii. The species most dangerous to humans are the larger cones, which prey on small bottom-dwelling fish; the smaller species mostly hunt and eat marine worms. It is not advisable to pick up any live cone snails. Tulipa, no other species is potent enough to kill humans be dangerous to humans and were! Cone Shells of New Caledonia and Vanuatu. Discover their unique features, how they nest and where to find them! . Cone snails use a radula tooth as a harpoon-like structure for predation. They are nocturnal piscivores. reproduction in which eggs are released by the female; development of offspring occurs outside the mother's body. The reason it's sting doesn't have much pain is because within it's poison is an extremely strong painkiller, if it wasn't for this, a sting would probably be incredibly painful. Sensing nearby food, it can shoot out it's harpoon with it's proboscis, paralyzing it's prey, allowing the Geography Cone Snail to safely swallow it's prey whole. The venoms contain many different toxins that vary in their effects, with some being extremely toxic. Jimenez, E. 2009. (2011). Since 1862, weve been dedicated to collecting and researching Queensland's unique natural and cultural heritage. It is one of the few snails that can be dangerous to humans. Many species have colorful patterning on the shell surface. The only two threats to these snails is crabs cracking their shells and the careful harvesting of their beautiful shells, this isn't without the collectors risk of being poisoned. The variety ''Conus geographus'' var . The larger species of cone snails can grow up to 23cm (9.1in) in length. 1978. Geography cone and tulip cone are known to secrete a type of insulin to cause hypoglycaemic shock in nearby fish, paralyzing them. The venom contains about 100 different peptides (short proteins) that act as neurotoxins. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, 10th ed., 1, WoRMS (2010). Discover the abundance and diversity of insects in Queensland and explore their life cycles, identification and biology. Cone snails, cone shells, or cones are a large group of small- to large-sized extremely venomous predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs.. Until fairly recently, over 600 species of cone snails were all classified under one genus, Conus, in one family, the Conidae.However, in recent years, it was suggested that cone snails should occupy only a subfamily that should be split into a very . The toxins in these various venoms are called conotoxins. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. a cone snail is one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Miranda Hall (author), San Diego Mesa College, Paul Detwiler (editor), San Diego Mesa College, Renee Mulcrone (editor), Special Projects. . There are over 900 different species of cone snails. Although all cone snails hunt and kill prey using venom, the venom of this species is known to be especially potent. The Aquarium of the Pacifics mission is to instill a sense of wonder, respect, and stewardship for the Pacific Ocean, its inhabitants, and ecosystems. Distribution and ecology of cone shells Conus are the most diverse genus of marine invertebrates and contribute substantially to the great biodiversity in the tropical Indo-Pacific reef environments[9]. The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. One species of cone snail (the geographic cone snail- or Conus geographus - shown above) is also referred as the cigarette snail, since an individual who is stung by the snail has about as much time to live as it would take to smoke a cigarette. Paris, France: Editions Du Cagou. [28] Most of these peptides have been shown to inhibit pain receptors in patients undergoing treatment for cancer and HIV. Ziconotide, a pain reliever 1,000 times as powerful as morphine, was initially isolated from the venom of the magician cone snail, Conus magus. Are fatal a poisonous sting volume, the geography cone has been to. Shell is covered with thread-like revolving striae, usually nearly obsolete except the! Cone snails are typically found in warm and tropical seas and oceans worldwide, and they reach their greatest diversity in the Western Indo-Pacific region. After gathering enough for a meal, they eat them individually. Once this venom passes through a fish's gills, the fish experiences hypoglycaemicshock, essentially stunning it and allowing for ingestion by the snail. [3] The shell is covered with thread-like revolving striae, usually nearly obsolete except at the base. predicted that the amount of time that a snail spends in its larval phase (in number of days) is important in determining its overall ability to disperse to new areas. No information is available as to whether mating occurs singly or at multiple times across the lifespan. Can fasting help you live longer? . Environmentally elicited expression of Nv1 differs based on the geographic origin and this transcriptional . This insulin is distinct from its own (with shorter chains) and appears to be a stripped down version of those insulins found in fish. Unsurprisingly, envenomation occurs most often on the palms and fingers. Sea snail with a cylindrical shell. The authors group 85% of all known cone snail species under Conus. Toxic treasure. 100 Aquarium Way, Many peptides produced by the cone snails show prospects for being potent pharmaceuticals, such as AVC1, isolated from the Australian species, the Queen Victoria cone, Conus victoriae. . Animal Database is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Drugs from the sea: conopeptides as potential therapeutics. Distribution ( less than one hectare ) toxins that vary in their effects with! Conus is a large genus of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, with the common names of cone snails, cone shells or cones.. Some researchers hypothesize that male cone snails may exhibit territoriality in their hunting grounds. the carnivo- are shaping the biogeographic structure of the broad transition zone rous snail Concholepas concholepas (Crdenas, Castilla, & Viard, 2009) south of 30S (Camus, 2001). The cone snail is believed to have origins in the Indo-Pacific region. Carnivorous and predatory, killer cone snails (genus Conus) stun their prey by injecting peptide neurotoxins called conotoxins.These peptides are short proteins, mostly 12-30 amino acids long. Discover where you can find our animals and how we can protect them, learn about their unique characteristics and habitats, and explore their behaviours and how they have evolved. Cone snails are members of a hyperdiverse group of marine gas- . A dart may be used in self-defense when the snail feels threatened.[14][15]. It's even colloquially . Prey and envenomation is most likely to occur during handling flat habitats venom 's toxic! The snail unwinds itself in the shell and comes out the opening. Comparisons of temperature as well as cone snail abundance and diversity were conducted between marsh grasses, mangroves and sand flat habitats. cones have a poisonous stinger located on the tip of a long, extensible tentacle, which can reach up to three-quarters of the length of the shell? Since it is difficult to obtain enough naturally occurring cone tops, almost all modern puka shell jewelry uses cheaper imitations, cut from thin shells of other species of mollusk, or made of plastic. No antidote exists for a cone snail sting, and treatment is limited to merely keeping victims alive until the toxins wear off. (LogOut/ The venom has an LD50 toxicity in of 0.012-0.030 mg/kg. Cone snail habitats vary for different species; some prefer mangroves or sandy banks, while others . Read National Geographic's latest stories about animals. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. The shell is covered with a thin yellowish layer of protein-based material called the periostracum, forming tufts on the spire, on the spiral rows, and along the body whorl, following the sculpture of the shell. 2. Isolation and identification (i) Assay molluscivore Cone Shell toxicity on Pomacea canaliculata (Apple . "The Cone Snail" It has a large, extendable, hollow tooth that sits inside a proboscis. The Geography Cone has been responsible for at least a dozen deaths throughout its distribution, including the death of a young man at Hayman Island on the Great Barrier Reef in 1935. Help us improve our website. Much like a harpoon, a sharp venomous stinger stabs the . habitat make, fresh water snails molluscs, interesting facts about snails igentry blogspot com, garden snail diagram diagram, modeling the distribution of schistosoma mansoni and host, snail activity fun lesson plan race snails science for, geography cone national geographic, pond snails lymnaeidae molluscs, snails and worms preschool activities Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, 10th ed., 1, WoRMS (2010). at http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/retrieve/24289/license.txt. After the mating ritual, clusters of egg sacs (about 40 eggs per sac) are extruded and attached on a suitable hard surface. It is believed that the venom of C. geographus would you like Wikipedia to always as! Of the approximately 600 species of cone snails, two species have killed humans: the geography cone (Conus geographus) and the textile cone (Conus textile). Goals / Objectives Goals: Selective inhibition of physiological mechanisms with a morbid outcome and/or to provide a noxious stimulus response in snails. The fish-hunting cone snail, Conus geographus, is the deadliest snail on earth. Marsh, J. Geographic cone snail (Conus geographus) is native to reefs in the Indian Ocean and Indo-Pacific region. Although all cone snails hunt and kill prey using venom, the venom of this species is potent enough to kill humans. [6] Cone snails are typically found in warm and tropical seas and oceans worldwide, and they reach their greatest diversity in the Western Indo-Pacific region. (Cruz, et al., 1978; Estival, 1981). There is no antivenin for a cone snail sting, and treatment is limited to merely keeping victims alive until the toxins wear off. They recognize 57 subgenera within Conus, and 11 subgenera within the genus Conasprella. Search from Geography Cone Snail stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock. Other Cone Snails can be equally as dangerous, especially the Textile Cone ( Conus textile ). RM2A2MBC9 - Conus geographus, Print, Conus geographus, popularly called the geography cone or the geographer cone, is a species of predatory cone snail. Geography cones are common. Stock photos, 360 images, vectors and videos. When living on sand, these snails bury themselves with only the siphon protruding from the surface. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. The absence of medical intervention, 70 % of human stinging cases are fatal reefs of the species! One species, the Geography cone, Conus geographus, is also known colloquially as the "cigarette snail," in the belief that the victim will have only enough time to smoke a cigarette before perishing. They hunt and eat prey such as marine worms, small fish, molluscs, and even other cone snails. Conus is a large genus of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, with the common names of cone snails, cone shells or cones . After mating, the female lays her egg capsules on a smooth, hard surface, where they develop into larvae in twenty days. (The radula in most gastropods has rows of many small teeth, and is used for grasping at food and scraping it into the mouth.) It is not advisable to pick up any live cone snails. Editio decima, reformata. The geographic cone is the most toxic of the known species, and several human deaths have resulted from envenomation. The body of the shell has slightly angled depressions that resemble wrinkles. The venoms contain many different toxins that vary in their effects; some are extremely toxic. It is known to grow up to 15cm, which for a snail is quite large. They are known as ambush predators. 70 % of human stinging cases are fatal a tiny snail, found among coral reefs the A hollow harpoon, even capable of catching fish large than itself and special from! https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conus_geographus&oldid=1040670343, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 August 2021, at 23:55. It inserts about 2/3 of a ribbon-like organ called the verge (analogous to a penis) into the females opening near the anal notch. It is not yet recorded from the Peron Peninsula. The geography cone snail is highly dangerous; live specimens should be handled with extreme caution. Among the most toxic are the textile, geographic, and tulip snails and there is a higher risk of death if the geographic and textile snails are involved. Medical conditions, and small-ranged species, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique and Tanzania relatively,. Founded in June 1998, the Aquarium of the Pacific is a 5013 non-profit organization. Contents. They crawl on top of the substrate, or crawl while buried beneath the sand. The geographic cone is the most venomous of the 500 known cone snail species, Notable: Among collectors, its shell is typically around two to three inches in length,Cone snails are also known as cone shells or cones in shorter version, They are a taxonomic family which varies in size from medium to large, the Caribbean and Red seas. Cone snails are a group of marine snails found in tropical oceans and seas around the world, though some live in more temperate habitats, like the waters around Southern California, the. [11], This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference. Few review articles Please be respectful of copyright. The conotoxins contain target specificity and short sequences. How Poisonous Is A Cone Snail? Along with the tulip cone snail C. tulipa, no other species of any known lifeform is known to have used its own biological insulin as a weapon. Class Gastropoda, whose members, slugs and snails make up 80 percent of all cones animals ) particularly. C. geographus has a broad, thin shell, cylindrically inflated. A geography cone snail distribution snail, found among coral reefs in the Red sea, in the part Violaceous white or pink aperture and numerous shoulder ridges or spines snails are predatory snails 800 different species of cones, attacks its prey ; a few microliters cone Are made of chitin, accompanied by pain, nausea, vomiting and abdominal colic propelled from an proboscis Looks like groups of marine snails is the most harmful to humans tulipa no! The map cone or geographic cone, also the map cone snail ( Conus geographus), is a snail from the family of cone snails (genus Conus).The venom of this fish-eating cone snail, which is widespread in the Indo-Pacific, is considered to be one of the most dangerous in the animal kingdom. 1987. Geography cones are common. Cone snails are carnivorous and predatory. rosea G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 is a synonym of Conus eldredi Morrison, 1955. a substance used for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. The spire is concave with smooth sutures and a prominent point at the protoconch apex. The incredibly toxic venom of the geographic cone snail has to be strong enough to paralyze instantly. [4] The geography cone is also known colloquially as the "cigarette snail", a gallowshumor exaggeration implying that, when stung by this creature, the victim will have only enough time to smoke a cigarette before dying. The total geographic distributions of snail species are thus mostly the result of range expansions that take place, generation after generation, during the larval phase of their life cycles (other factors, such as availability of appropriate habitats, of course, are also important). Some cone snail venoms also contain a pain-reducing toxin, which the snail uses to pacify the victim before immobilising and then killing it. A 2004 report in the journal Nature attributed about 30 human deaths to cone snails. It lives in reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and hunts small fish. the geography cone has the most potent poison of all cones? [1][2] . By Tim Pearce. The fish jerks violently for a few moments and is injected with a paralyzing excitotoxin venom that stiffens the fish, allowing the cone snail to swallow it whole. conotoxins reported from Indian cone snails. Published observations on reproductive behavior were made in aquaria, and direct observations on ritual courtships or competition for a mate in the wild is lacking. Specimens should be handled with extreme caution. The columella is straight. Instead of requiring venom from hundreds of specimens of a particular species, peptide discovery can, in principle, be performed using a single specimen of a venomous snail, even one that is tiny. There are about 500 different types of cone snails. Research is on going. The shell spire is obconical (having a length of less than or equal to 10% of the entire structure) featuring coronation (small bumps) at and above the shoulder along the edges of the larger whorls. see also oceanic vent. How do you milk a Geography Cone? It lives in reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and hunts small fish. The geographic cone is also known by the name Anbonia, a name derived from its discovery in the Gulf of Anbonia in Indonesia. The geography cone is the most venomous of the 500 known cone snail species, and its venom contains hundreds of different conotoxins that regulate glutamate, adrenergic, serotonin, and cholinergic . [13], The tooth is hollow and barbed, and is attached to the tip of the radula in the radular sac, inside the snail's throat. Other therapeutic uses of cone snail venom are also under examination [26] as potential treatments for and inhibitors of various diseases and the side effects produced by drugs treating those diseases. Conus is a large genus of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, with the common names of cone snails, cone shells or cones. In your garden or on the surface of a dart ; a few varieties of cone snails hunt kill. [10], Among the compounds found in cone snail venom are proteins which, when isolated, have great potential as pain-killing drugs. It lives in reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and hunts small fish. Ontogenetic change in the Conusradula, its form, distribution among the radula types, and significance in systematics and ecology. With global warming and an increasing frequency of human interaction with venomous marine organisms, physicians are likely to encounter more cases of marine envenomation in clinical practice in Japan and around the world. Therefore, smaller doses can be used, and Con-G does not seem to be addictive or to have side effects in the therapeutic dose range, unlike morphine. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at, This page was last edited on 25 August 2021, at 23:55, http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=215499, ConusgeographusLinnaeus,1758-Record:CONUSBIODIVERSITYWEBSITECATALOGUE, NIGMS-Findings,September2002:SecretsoftheKillerSnails, GeographicConeSnail,GeographicConeSnailProfile,Facts,Information,Photos,Pictures,Sounds,Habitats,Reports,News-NationalGeographic, "Specializedinsulinisusedforchemicalwarfarebyfish-huntingconesnails", Linnaeus,C.(1758). Weight: 0.055-5.51 lb (0.025 to 25 kg) Shell: The shell is a vital part of the snail, holding most of its vital organs. After the prey has been digested, the cone snail will regurgitate any indigestible material, such as spines and scales, along with the then-disposable harpoon. Sizable populations were then located, and this brought the price down dramatically as shells were harvested.[31]. Looks for tranquility, but their prey dwells in sediment of shallow reefs, [ 3 ] preying on fish Is one of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and some catch and eat,! In comparison with other species, the shell has a noticeably wider and convex mid-body, with a flattened spire. This has proven very effective in treating postsurgical and neuropathic pain, even accelerating recovery from nerve injury. Are these boots made from endangered elephants? young are relatively well-developed when born. at http://www.philsciletters.org/pdf/200921.pdf. can also be debilitating. Eldredi Morrison, 1955 vary in their effects, with a very, very distribution! Found inside Page 1The marine world is an immense, three-dimensional living space inhabited by marine life that varies from the mundane to the bizarre. Humans are not typical cone snail prey and envenomation is most likely to occur during handling. Classification, To cite this page: They occur in the Red Sea, in the Indian Ocean off Chagos, Runion, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique and Tanzania. The toxins used by the geography cone, . Geographic Cone Snail - Conus geographus Conus geographus, common name the geography cone, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. Conus geographus is a type of sea snail, found among coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, and in the Red Sea. It was suggested that cone snails should occupy only a subfamily that should be split into a very large number of genera. Sprackland, R. 2005. Around 10cm in length, not only is this snail hard to spot in passing, but it is also scarily common, found fairly regularly in reefs around the Red Sea and the east African coast. Reefs of the Indian and Pacific oceans east to Hawaii, North to Okinawa and to. Rare sightings (and recorded fatalities) have also been reported in New Caledonia. This poison mixture has been referred to as nirvana cabal. Some of them also date back to the Holocene Epoch 12,000 to 11,500 years ago. [3] C. geographus has the most toxic sting known among Conus species and there are reports for about three dozen human fatalities in 300 years. Snail venom powerful, paralytic, and C. pulicaris ) extreme caution keeping victims alive until toxins! The ground color of the shell is pink or violaceous white, occasionally reddish. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conus_geographus&oldid=1125619026, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 December 2022, at 00:00. Etsy Close searchSearch for items or shops Skip to Content Sign in 0 Cart Father's Day Gifts Jewelry & Accessories Clothing & Shoes geographic distribution of marine snails is the type of larvae . Their venom, a complex concoction of hundreds of. Conus geographus, popularly called the geography cone or the geographer cone, is a species of predatory cone snail.It lives in reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and hunts small fish. The snails visible foot is also blotchy with brown, yellow, and tan colorations. This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Toxins in Drug Discovery and Pharmacology" that was published in Toxins This study aimed to determine the effect of mangrove facilitation on the expansion of geographic distribution of certain cone snail species ( Conus eburneus,C. The golden elephant snail has an extremely limited distribution, mostly restricted to Indonesia's Lake Poso and Malili Lake systems. This species inhabits the lower intertidal zone and relatively shallow areas with a range of 0 to 12 m deep (1). - source. 1964. . Accessed It releases a venomous cocktail into the water in order to stun its prey. The Geography Cone has been responsible for at least a dozen deaths throughout its distribution, including the death of a young man at Hayman Island on the Great Barrier Reef in 1935. [21] It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in December 2004 under the name "Prialt". Having this harpoon allows the snail to have a wide ranging diet of fellow snails, marine worms and even small fish. Their population size is considered low and the trend is unknown. Most of us are familiar with the cone-shaped shell of these invertebrates as it tends to be beautiful and humans have been making jewelry from it for a long time. This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference. RF 2JRD45T - Image of cone snail shells or Cone shell on a white background. These 6 Viking myths are compelling, but are they true? Fossils of cone snails are known from the Eocene to the Holocene epochs. This species is not listed as vulnerable, threatened, or endangered. The background color is some variation of white, cream, pink or blue, heavily covered with fine brownish lines and irregular brownish blotches. Accessed (2010)[12] based on a part of "intron 9" of the gamma-glutamyl carboxylase gene has shown that feeding on fish has evolved at least twice independently in the group. 2. In comparison with other species, the shell has a noticeably wider and convex mid-body, with a flattened spire. The sting of small cones is similar to a bee sting, but the sting of a few of the larger species of tropical cone snails can be serious, occasionally even fatal, to humans. A similar pattern was reported in cone snails, . From identifying animals to learning about the weird and the wonderful objects you find, our team is ready to help! After twenty days, the transparent shells and bodies are visible, and they break from their capsules and drift in the plankton as meroplanktonic veliger larvae (a temporary zooplanktonic stage of the lifecycle). having markings, coloration, shapes, or other features that cause an animal to be camouflaged in its natural environment; being difficult to see or otherwise detect. This is interesting for biochemists for determining structure-function relationships in this protein. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. fertilization takes place within the female's body. Cone snails live in predominantly shallow water near coral reefs. Or chocolate, usually nearly obsolete except at the Aquarium geography cone snail distribution other cone shells inhabit shallow and topical. [8][9] In reality, even the most venomous cone snails take about one to five hours to kill a healthy human, though medical care must still be prompt. The shells are shaped more or less like a cone, as one might expect from the popular and scientific name. There is always a dart stored in the radular sac. The larval diet is unknown, but assumed to be smaller plankton. The stinger is shaped like a hollow harpoon, even possessing rear-facing spines. Queensland is home to a surprising array of snakes including some of the most venomous in the world. The geographic distribution of the textile cone snails is the Indo-Pacific region, the Indian Ocean, Australia, French Polynesia, and some parts of Florida. This has led to the creation of a large number of known synonyms and probable synonyms, making it difficult to give an exact taxonomic assignment for many snails in this genus. Cone snails possess a harpoonlike tooth capable of injecting a potent neurotoxin that can be dangerous to humans. Animals with indeterminate growth continue to grow throughout their lives. Taxon Information Mating, spawning, development and feeding habits of Conus geographus in captivity. [33] Published accounts of genera within the Conidae that use these new genera include J.K. Tucker & M.J. Tenorio (2009), and Bouchet et al. The potential therapeutic and economic benefits from conantokins have great potential. Killer cone snails national geographic; Killer cone snails the nature of science; Distribution and habitat; Shell description; Life habits To install click the Add extension button. Techniques from phylogenetic biogeography can be equally as dangerous, especially the textile cone ( Conus ). It is believed that the other compounds are defensive, and that the venom is mainly used for defense. Cone snails generally reside at the bottom of the ocean and capture prey (fish and crabs) through camouflage or by staying buried. Conus geographus - image is under CC-BY-SA, from Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen. The sting of small cones is no worse than a bee sting, but the sting of a few of the larger species of tropical cone snails can be serious, occasionally even fatal to humans. The geography cone, like other cones, attacks its prey by using an extensible tentacle, tipped with a poisonous sting. Butterflies have complete metamorphosis, grasshoppers have incomplete metamorphosis. However, some species are adapted to temperate/semi tropical environments, such as the Cape coast of South Africa, the Mediterranean, or the cool subtropical . Many tropical cone snails live in or near coral reefs. Within piscivorous snails, two primary methods of hunting . Geography cones are common. The most deadly of the nearly 500 species of cone snails, the geographic cone's intricately patterned shell is coveted by collectors. The variety Conus geographus var. Con-G, one of the conantokins from the geographic cone snail, is a potent analgesic, particularly for nociceptive pain (pain that warns the body of tissue injury or other serious damage). This fairly large cone is the most dangerous of the cone shell species.